Birgid Schlindwein's
Hypermedia Glossary Of Genetic Terms
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Birgid Schlindwein'sHypermedia Glossary Of Genetic TermsSearch Results |
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| Strand | It is customary in genetics to use strand for chromatid. It has therefore been used in that sense in some books, where it has also been used for one double-chain (that is, duplex) DNA molecule. Chain, but not strand, has been used for a single polynucleotide. |
| Chromatid | The term which McClung (1900) proposed for each of the four threads making up a chromosome-pair at meiosis (Gk. chroma, colour; for the derivation of '-id', see diploid). The use of the term was subsequently extended to mitosis, and is now applied to the individual daughter-chromosomes (strand) into which each chromosome is divided in all nuclear divisions. The term chromatid is used so long as the daughter centromeres remain in contact with one another. As soon as they separate (anaphase of mitosis and anaphase 2 of meiosis), the expression daughter-chromosome is substituted for chromatid. |
| Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) | The molecule that encodes genetic information. DNA is a double-stranded molecule held together by weak bonds between base pairs of nucleotides. The four nucleotides in DNA contain the bases: adenine (A), guanine (G), cytosine (C), and thymine (T). In nature, base pairs form only between A and T and between G and C; thus the base sequence of each single strand can be deduced from that of its partner. |