Birgid Schlindwein's
Hypermedia Glossary Of Genetic Terms
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Birgid Schlindwein'sHypermedia Glossary Of Genetic TermsSearch Results |
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| Complementary DNA (cDNA) | DNA that is synthesized from a messenger RNA template that corresponds to expressed sequences of genomic DNA. The term complementary DNA also may refer to DNA that is complementary to a particular DNA sequence. The single-stranded form is often used as a probe in physical mapping. |
| Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) | The molecule that encodes genetic information. DNA is a double-stranded molecule held together by weak bonds between base pairs of nucleotides. The four nucleotides in DNA contain the bases: adenine (A), guanine (G), cytosine (C), and thymine (T). In nature, base pairs form only between A and T and between G and C; thus the base sequence of each single strand can be deduced from that of its partner. |
| Messenger RNA (mRNA) | RNA that serves as a template for protein synthesis or for synthesis of cDNA. See genetic code. |
| DNA sequence | The relative order of base pairs, whether in a fragment of DNA, a gene, a chromosome, or an entire genome. See base sequence. |
| Probe | Single-stranded DNA or RNA molecules of specific base sequence, labeled either radioactively, immunologically, or by other means, that are used to detect the complementary base sequence by hybridization. |
| Physical map | A map of the locations of identifiable landmarks on DNA (e.g., restriction enzyme cutting sites, genes), regardless of inheritance. Landmarks include restriction endonuclease recognition sites, DNA sequence and chromosomal bands. Distance is measured in base pairs. For the human genome, the lowest-resolution physical map is the banding patterns on the 24 different chromosomes; the highest-resolution map would be the complete nucleotide sequence of the chromosomes. |